The two types of conflicts that the plot may have are internal (inside the mind of the character) and external (with other characters or entities). The two types of conflicts that the plot may have are _. TrueĪrun Joshi, Vikram Seth, Graham Greene, Kiran NagarkarĪll the others are authors of Indian origin.Īll the others are details related to the setting of the novel.Īll the others are elements of the novel/novella. Falseī) Middle class people had a little interest in romances and tragedies. Activities:-ġ) Rewrite the statements and state whether they are true or false.Ī) A Novel is relatively a short narrative.ī) Middle class people had a little interest in romances and tragedies.Ī) A Novel is relatively a short narrative. The tradition of Indian English novels has undergone a vital change since its birth and it undoubtedly has a very bright future. Recent years have witnessed the dazzling performance by Indian novelists like Salman Rushsie, Arvind Adiga, Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai and Kiran Nagarkar. Amitav Ghosh, Vikram Seth and Upamanyu Chatterjee changed the Indian novel in English by adding new features to it. Novelists like Anita Desai, Nayantara Sahgal, Arun Joshi and Manohar Malgaonkar changed the current of Indian English novel through their works. Narayan and Raja Rao were the major trio who prevailed in the period after that. These novels bore either nationalistic virtues or social issues as their main framework. The period after that is marked by few more novels written by the Indian writers. ‘Rajmohan’s Wife’, by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya was the first novel in English written by an Indian. However, the focus of the novel is usually not on the technology itself but rather on the psychology and emotions of the characters who live under such conditions. Both utopias and dystopias share characteristics of science fiction and fantasy, and both are usually set in a future in which technology has been used to create perfect living conditions. It is a common literary theme, especially in science fiction or speculative fiction. Utopia is an imaginary community or society possessing the ideal qualities. Characteristics of the Gothic include: death and decay, haunted homes/castles, family curses, madness, powerful love/romance, ghosts, and vampires. It is a genre associated with the mystery and intrigue surrounding the supernatural and the unknown. The novels that include terror, mystery, horror, thriller, supernatural, doom, death or decay or haunted buildings are called The Gothic novels. It may or may not be in the first-person narration. However, the author changes the places and names of characters or even may change or avoid certain details of his life. The autobiographical novel is the novel based on the life of the author. Pamela (By Samuel Richardson), Diary of a Young Girl (By Anne Frank) etc. Although letters are the most common basis for epistolary novel, diary entries are also a popular form of this type. The epistolary novel is that in which the writer presents the narrative through a series of letters or other documents. The word ‘epistolary’ derives from the Latin word ‘epistola,’ which means a letter. It is a work of prose fiction which places more than the usual amount of emphasis on interior characterization, and on the motives, circumstances, and internal action which springs from, and develops, external action. Psychological novel is the work of fiction that treats the internal life of the protagonist or even the other characters as much as the external factors. The stream-of-consciousness novel commonly uses the narrative techniques of interior monologue. The novelist narrates them as they enter the mind of the character. Incidents in the plot are in the sequence of their occurrences. It is a method of narration that describes happenings in the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters. Stream of consciousness is a phrase coined by William James in his treatise ‘Principles of Psychology’ in 1890. All these factors decide the ‘texture’ of the narration and create an impact on the readers. He may use linguistic devices to make the narrative effective. An author can use extensive vocabulary and high phrases or he may be laconic and write only to the point or he may mix both according to the requirement for meeting his purpose. The language and the techniques used by the author for the narration of the course of events are known as the ‘style’. It usually focuses on one incident or issue with one or two main characters and takes place in a single tradition. It is often satiric or realistic in tone. It is a well-structured yet short narrative. It is a type of prose fiction which is shorter than a full-length novel and longer than short stories. The word ‘novella’ originates from the Italian word ‘novelle’.
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